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<h1>Stack or Quote or Sequence or List…<a class="headerlink" href="#stack-or-quote-or-sequence-or-list" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<div class="section" id="module-joy.utils.stack">
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<span id="joy-utils-stack"></span><h2><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">joy.utils.stack</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#module-joy.utils.stack" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>When talking about Joy we use the terms “stack”, “list”, “sequence”,
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“quote” and others to mean the same thing: a simple linear datatype that
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<p>When talking about Joy we use the terms “stack”, “quote”, “sequence”,
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“list”, and others to mean the same thing: a simple linear datatype that
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permits certain operations such as iterating and pushing and popping
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values from (at least) one end.</p>
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<p>We use the <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cons#Lists">cons list</a>, a venerable two-tuple recursive sequence datastructure, where the
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<p>There is no “Stack” Python class, instead we use the <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cons#Lists">cons list</a>, a
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venerable two-tuple recursive sequence datastructure, where the
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empty tuple <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">()</span></code> is the empty stack and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(head,</span> <span class="pre">rest)</span></code> gives the recursive
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form of a stack with one or more items on it:</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">stack</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">item</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">)</span>
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@@ -66,6 +67,19 @@ in this case “(head, tail)”, and Python takes care of unpacking the
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incoming tuple and assigning values to the names. (Note that Python
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syntax doesn’t require parentheses around tuples used in expressions
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where they would be redundant.)</p>
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<p>Unfortunately, the Sphinx documentation generator, which is used to generate this
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web page, doesn’t handle tuples in the function parameters. And in Python 3, this
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syntax was removed entirely. Instead you would have to write:</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">dup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stack</span><span class="p">):</span>
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<span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tail</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">stack</span>
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<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">head</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tail</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>We have two very simple functions, one to build up a stack from a Python
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iterable and another to iterate through a stack and yield its items
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one-by-one in order. There are also two functions to generate string representations
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of stacks. They only differ in that one prints the terms in stack from left-to-right while the other prints from right-to-left. In both functions <em>internal stacks</em> are
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printed left-to-right. These functions are written to support <a class="reference internal" href="pretty.html"><span class="doc">Tracing Joy Execution</span></a>.</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="joy.utils.stack.expression_to_string">
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<code class="descclassname">joy.utils.stack.</code><code class="descname">expression_to_string</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>expression</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/joy/utils/stack.html#expression_to_string"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#joy.utils.stack.expression_to_string" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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@@ -74,12 +88,32 @@ where they would be redundant.)</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">second</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">...</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="s1">'top second ...'</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
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<col class="field-body" />
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><strong>expression</strong> (<em>stack</em>) – A stack.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">str</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="joy.utils.stack.iter_stack">
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<code class="descclassname">joy.utils.stack.</code><code class="descname">iter_stack</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>stack</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/joy/utils/stack.html#iter_stack"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#joy.utils.stack.iter_stack" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Iterate through the items on the stack.</p>
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<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
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<col class="field-body" />
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><strong>stack</strong> (<em>stack</em>) – A stack.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">iterator</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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@@ -89,12 +123,49 @@ where they would be redundant.)</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">())))</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
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<col class="field-body" />
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
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<li><strong>el</strong> (<em>list</em>) – A Python list or other sequence (iterators and generators
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won’t work because <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">reverse()</span></code> is called on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">el</span></code>.)</li>
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<li><strong>stack</strong> (<em>stack</em>) – A stack, optional, defaults to the empty stack.</li>
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</ul>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">stack</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="joy.utils.stack.pick">
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<code class="descclassname">joy.utils.stack.</code><code class="descname">pick</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>s</em>, <em>n</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/joy/utils/stack.html#pick"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#joy.utils.stack.pick" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Find the nth item on the stack. (Pick with zero is the same as “dup”.)</p>
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<dd><p>Return the nth item on the stack.</p>
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<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
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<col class="field-body" />
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
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<li><strong>s</strong> (<em>stack</em>) – A stack.</li>
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<li><strong>n</strong> (<em>int</em>) – An index into the stack.</li>
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</ul>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Raises:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
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<li><strong>ValueError</strong> – if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">n</span></code> is less than zero.</li>
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<li><strong>IndexError</strong> – if <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">n</span></code> is equal to or greater than the length of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">s</span></code>.</li>
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</ul>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">whatever</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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@@ -102,6 +173,24 @@ where they would be redundant.)</p>
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<code class="descclassname">joy.utils.stack.</code><code class="descname">pushback</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>quote</em>, <em>expression</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="reference internal" href="_modules/joy/utils/stack.html#pushback"><span class="viewcode-link">[source]</span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#joy.utils.stack.pushback" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Concatinate quote onto expression.</p>
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<p>In joy [1 2] [3 4] would become [1 2 3 4].</p>
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<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
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<col class="field-body" />
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
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<li><strong>quote</strong> (<em>stack</em>) – A stack.</li>
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<li><strong>expression</strong> (<em>stack</em>) – A stack.</li>
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</ul>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Raises:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first"><strong>RuntimeError</strong> – if quote is larger than sys.getrecursionlimit().</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">stack</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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@@ -112,6 +201,16 @@ where they would be redundant.)</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">second</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">...</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="s1">'... second top'</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
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<col class="field-body" />
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><strong>stack</strong> (<em>stack</em>) – A stack.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">str</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</dd></dl>
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</div>
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